NIB-Education

The Anti-Gharar Protocol: The Audacity of Certainty

Mark Busaosowo
Published: March 16, 2026

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We all know the famous Nigerian Instagram Vendor disclaimer: “Prices are subject to change without notice due to dollar rate”.

Imagine you are planning your wedding and contract a caterer for 500 guests with a quote of ₦1.5 Million. You pay the deposit, but on the morning of your wedding, the caterer arrives and says the price of tomatoes and diesel went up, making your new balance ₦2.5 Million. You are trapped because the vendor transferred all their market risk directly onto your shoulders at the last minute.

Or consider the stress of sewing a bespoke Owambe outfit. You go to a premium tailor in Lekki for custom Aso-Ebi, and they give you a “Floating Price Contract”. The starting estimate is ₦150,000, but it is tied to the exchange rate and the cost of imported silk, meaning your final bill will increase if the market changes. You sign it because that is how the industry normally works. But for the next 30 days, every time you hear that inflation has spiked or the Central Bank (CBN) adjusted rates, your heart skips a beat. By the time you collect your outfit, the bill is legally ₦210,000.

The tailor and the caterer aren’t evil; they are just passing the market risk to you.

The Reality of Variable Rate Loans

In the broader financial world, this is exactly how conventional “Variable Rate” financing works. It is a standard, globally accepted banking model where your loan repayment is tied to the Central Bank’s Monetary Policy Rate (MPR).

These floating rates are designed to protect the capital provider from inflation and market shifts by adjusting the customer’s interest rate. While this is a valid mathematical model for pricing risk, it leaves the consumer vulnerable to macroeconomic shocks they cannot control. If the economy gets turbulent or shifts, your repayment amount changes—even after you’ve signed the papers and bought the asset. You are effectively carrying the weight of the country’s economic volatility on your monthly budget, making accurate long-term budgeting impossible.

Enter The Alternative Bank: The Prohibition of Gharar

We operate on a strict anti-ambiguity rule known in Islamic Finance as the prohibition of Gharar. Gharar translates to ambiguity, excessive uncertainty, or hazard in a contract. Under our model, a contract is fundamentally void if the final price or subject matter is not absolutely clear to both parties at the moment of signing.

We believe that financing should be an anchor, not a weather vane. Because our model is based on Trade rather than Lending, we operate a Fixed-Price Boutique.

The Solution: Murabaha (Cost-Plus Financing)

The Alternative Bank replaces the variable-rate loan with a fixed-markup trade agreement called Murabaha. We buy the asset, we add a known profit margin, and we sell it to you.

We agree on the cost and our profit markup on Day 1, and that price is locked. The total debt is crystallized at the moment of signing. Once the contract is signed, the terms are carved in stone. If the global cost of silk doubles, the dollar skyrockets, or inflation triples tomorrow, your repayment amount does not change by a single Kobo.

The Luxury of Absolute Certainty

We don’t ask you to carry the stress of the global economy. We absorb the risk of future rate fluctuations, ensuring your cash flow projections remain 100% accurate. By absorbing the market volatility ourselves, we empower businesses and individuals to plan their futures with mathematical precision.

We don’t do “subject to market conditions”. In a volatile economy, predictable pricing is the ultimate competitive advantage. We offer you the most audacious product in the financial world today: Absolute Certainty.

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Abubakar Muhammad Musa

Summary

Abubakar Muhammad Musa is currently a Sharia Advisor and Consultant for SHAPE Knowledge Services a consulting firm based in Kuwait. He has been involved in product development, Sharia research and approval of Islamic banking products for different clients. His work covers retail banking, corporate banking and project finance deals.

Formerly, Abubakar worked as a Researcher in different units at International Shariah Research Academy for Islamic Finance (ISRA) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Besides his primary assignments in ISRA, he taught Shariah Rules in Financial Transactions to Chartered Islamic Finance Professional (CIFP) Masters online Students of International Centre for Education in Islamic Finance (INCEIF), Malaysia. He also taught MBA and BBA Students different Islamic Banking and Finance Subjects at University College of Bahrain.

Abubakar holds two Diplomas with distinction, one in Islamic Law and the other in Arabic Language from Al-Imam University Riyadh. He also holds LLB (Hons) degree in Shariah from the same University. He successfully completed his (CIFP) Professional Masters Degree Programme at (INCEIF), Malaysia. He had his internship program on Islamic Banking & Finance at Fajr Capital in Kuala Lumpur. During the programme, Abubakar conducted research relating to product structuring and market development.

Abdurraheem Ahmad Sayi

Summary

Abdurraheem Ahmad Sayi is a legal practitioner and Consultant of over 16 years of active legal practice. He is currently the principal partner, A.A. Sayi & Co. (Qist Chambers) and Qadi, Independent Shari’ah Panel of Lagos State – a platform, through which he has delivered several judgments of in-depth analysis, widely applauded by leading legal and intellectual icons, including learned Judges, professors of law and Islamic Studies.

He is the Executive Director/C.E.O., ClearPath Islamic Centre (Incorporated), Lekki-Lagos and Chief Imam, SilverPoint Central Mosque, Badore, Ajah-Lagos. Fondly called Imam Sayi, Abdurraheem is the designate Chairman, Shari’ah Advisory Committee, Mutual Benefit Takaaful.

Imam Sayi has also authored a few works, some of which include: The Financial Obligations: a compendium of essays on monetary or material obligations under Islamic Law and Waqf (Charity Endowment): The Governing Principles.

He holds a Certificate on Improving Personal Effectiveness from the Lagos Business School (Pan African University) and he is a recipient of numerous awards and certificates of merits.

Abdulkader Thomas

Education:

Master of Arts Law and Diplomacy, The Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy.

Bachelor of Arts Arabic & Islamic Studies, The University of Chicago.

Shariah Board Experience:

Bank Muscat Meethaq (2013 – 2017)

Sterling Bank Nigeria (Since 2013)

University Bank, USA (Since 2006)

Summary

Abdulkader Thomas has over 35 years of diversified financial services experience in major markets. With a Master of Arts Law and Diplomacy from The Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy and a BA in Arabic & Islamic Studies from The University of Chicago. His areas of activity have included trade finance, real estate finance, securities and alternative finance.

As the general manager of a foreign bank branch in New York, he secured the first US regulatory approvals of Islamic mortgage and instalment credit/sale as banking instruments. Later, he secured US regulatory approval for profit sharing deposits. Abdulkader has been involved in the successful implementation of these products in the US market. With more than 17years Shariah Board Experience in Bank Muscat Meethaq, Sterling Bank Nigeria and University Bank USA, Abdulkader has worked on IFTA projects in Europe, Africa, Southeast Asia, and an authority on Islamic deal structures and securities.

He also serves as a director of Alkhabeer Capital in Jeddah and Chairman of Alkhabeer (DIFC). He is a member of the international advisory board of the Securities Commission of Malaysia, a published author, and an active speaker on Islamic finance.